I. Legal basis

• Personal Income Tax Law 2025
• Personal Income Tax Law 2007

II. Addition of taxable income from the Transfer of gold bullion and digital assets

Compared with the provisions of the Personal Income Tax Law 2007, Article 3 of the Personal Income Tax Law 2025 supplements the categories of income subject to personal income tax to include:

• Income derived from agency, brokerage, and business cooperation activities with organizations;
• Income derived from e-commerce activities and business conducted on digital platforms;
• Remuneration and other benefits, whether in cash or in kind, in any form;
• Other income, including:
  • Income derived from the transfer of the Vietnam national Internet domain name “.vn”;
  • Income derived from the transfer of greenhouse gas emission reduction results and carbon credits;
  • Income derived from the transfer of auction-winning vehicle license plates in accordance with law;
  • Income derived from the transfer of digital assets;
  • Income derived from the transfer of gold bullion.

The Government shall prescribe the threshold value of gold bullion subject to taxation, the timing of tax imposition, and adjustments to the personal income tax rates applicable to the transfer of gold bullion, in line with the roadmap for gold market management.

The Government shall provide detailed regulations on this Article, including the conversion of taxable income received in non-cash form or in currencies other than the Vietnamese Dong.

III. Supplementation of tax-exempt and tax-reduced Income

Article 4 of the Personal Income Tax Law 2025 supplements the categories of income exempt from tax to include:

• Income derived from dividends of members of agricultural cooperatives and unions of agricultural cooperatives, and individuals who are farmers entering into contracts with enterprises to participate in “large-scale field” models, production forestry, and aquaculture.

Income derived from salaries and wages of foreign experts working in programs and projects funded by non-refundable ODA, as well as in foreign non-governmental programs and projects in Vietnam; income of Vietnamese individuals working at representative offices of international organizations within the United Nations System in Vietnam; and income of individuals participating in United Nations Peacekeeping Forces.

Previously, the aforementioned categories of income were only provided for in Circulars issued by the Ministry of Finance.

In addition, Article 5 of this Law also introduces several other cases of tax exemption and tax reduction, including:

• Personal income tax exemption for a period of five (05) years applicable to income from salaries and wages of individuals who are high-quality human resources in the digital technology industry, in the following cases:
  • Income derived from projects engaged in digital technology industry activities within concentrated digital technology parks;
  • Income derived from research and development projects, and the production of key digital technology products, semiconductor chips, and artificial intelligence systems;
  • Income derived from activities involving the training of human resources for the digital technology industry.
• Personal income tax exemption for a period of five (05) years applicable to income from salaries and wages of individuals who are high-tech human resources engaged in research and development of high technologies or strategic technologies included in the List of High Technologies prioritized for investment and development, or the List of Strategic Technologies and Strategic Technology Products, in accordance with the laws on high technology.
• Personal income tax exemption applicable to the transfer of open-ended fund certificates established in accordance with the laws on securities, where such certificates have been held for two (02) years or more from the date of acquisition;
• A fifty percent (50%) reduction of personal income tax applicable to dividends distributed to individual investors from securities investment funds and real estate investment funds established in accordance with the Law on Securities, within the period prescribed by the Government.

IV. Conclusion

The Personal Income Tax Law 2025 represents a significant shift in the refinement of tax policy toward comprehensively covering income streams arising from the digital economy and emerging asset markets. The inclusion of taxable income from the transfer of gold bullion and digital assets not only helps to close legal gaps but also ensures the principle of tax equity and prevents revenue loss to the state budget in the context of increasingly diverse investment and transaction activities.

Concurrently, the codification of tax-exempt and tax-reduced income—particularly in the fields of high technology, the digital industry, and activities contributing to sustainable development—demonstrates the State’s clear policy direction to both broaden the tax base and create incentives to attract high-quality human resources and promote innovation.

From July 1, 2026, individuals, investors, and business entities should proactively update themselves on the new regulations and review income-generating activities to ensure compliance with tax obligations in accordance with the law. At the same time, timely awareness of tax exemption and reduction policies will help optimize financial obligations in a lawful manner. It can be affirmed that the Personal Income Tax Law 2025 is not only a more effective instrument for tax administration but also a catalyst for promoting the transparent and sustainable development of the economy in the digital era.

V. About Us, Hankuk Law Firm

■ Hankuk Law Firm – Introduction

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