RETIREMENT AGE OF EMPLOYEES IN VIETNAM
Legal basis:
– Labor Code 2019
– Decree 135/2020/ND-CP
The retirement age of workers is always an issue of concern to society because it directly affects the rights, health, and life of workers after finishing their working career. In Vietnam, the retirement age regulations have been adjusted in the 2019 Labor Code with a roadmap to increase the retirement age each year, to meet the requirements of socio-economic development and adapt to the aging trend. population and improve social welfare. These changes not only provide opportunities to extend working hours for those who have the need and ability to work, but also ensure fairness and reasonableness in the allocation of labor resources between occupations. Understanding the regulations on retirement age and related special cases is an important factor to help employees be more proactive in planning their work and life after retirement.
1. Retirement age of normal workers
According to the provisions of the 2019 Labor Code, the retirement age of Vietnamese workers is adjusted according to an increasing schedule, to suit the socio-economic conditions and average life expectancy of the population. Specifically:
– From 2021, the retirement age of employees under normal working conditions is:
- Fully 60 years and 03 months for male workers
- Fully 55 years and 04 months for female workers
– After that, every year the retirement age increases by 03 months for male employees and 04 months for female employees.
– The retirement age of employees under normal working conditions is adjusted according to the roadmap until reaching 62 years old for male employees in 2028 and reaching 60 years old for female employees in 2035.
– Employees with reduced working ability; doing extremely heavy, toxic or dangerous occupations and jobs; doing heavy, toxic and dangerous occupations and jobs; Working in areas with extremely difficult socio-economic conditions can retire at a lower age but not more than 5 years old compared to the above regulations at the time of retirement.
– Employees with high professional and technical qualifications and in some special cases can retire at a higher age but not more than 5 years old compared to the above regulations at the time of retirement.
Currently, from 2025 onwards, under normal working conditions, the employee’s retirement age will be calculated as follows:
| Male workers | Female workers | ||
| Year of retirement | Retirement age | Year of retirement | Retirement age |
| 2025 | 61 years 3 months old | 2025 | 56 years 8 months old |
| 2026 | 61 years 6 months | 2026 | 57 years old |
| 2027 | 61 years 9 months | 2027 | 57 years 4 months |
| From 2028 onwards | 62 years old | 2028 | 57 years 8 months old |
| 2029 | 58 years old | ||
| 2030 | 58 years 4 months old | ||
| 2031 | 58 years 8 months old | ||
| 2032 | 59 years old | ||
| 2033 | 59 years 4 months | ||
| 2034 | 59 years 8 months old | ||
| From 2035 onwards | 60 years old | ||
2. Retirement age of employees in certain cases
Employees in the following cases may retire at a lower age but not more than 5 years older than the retirement age under normal working conditions at the time of retirement, unless otherwise prescribed by law:
- Employees who have worked for 15 years or more in occupations or jobs that are heavy, toxic, dangerous, or particularly heavy, toxic, or dangerous on the list issued by the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids, and Social Affairs .
- Employees who have worked for 15 years or more in areas with extremely difficult socio-economic conditions, including working time in places with a regional allowance coefficient of 0.7 or more before January 1, 2021.
- Employees whose working capacity is reduced by 61% or more.
- Employees who have a total time working in occupations or jobs that are heavy, toxic, dangerous or particularly heavy, toxic or dangerous on the list issued by the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs and the duration working in areas with extremely difficult socio-economic conditions, including working in places with regional allowance coefficients of 0.7 or more before January 1, 2021 for 15 years or more go up.
Currently, from 2025 onwards, if working conditions are in some of the above cases, the employee’s retirement age will be calculated as follows:
| Male workers | Female workers | ||
| Year of retirement | Minimum retirement age | Year of retirement | Minimum retirement age |
| 2025 | 56 years 3 months old | 2025 | 51 years 8 months |
| 2026 | 56 years 6 months old | 2026 | 52 years old |
| 2027 | 56 years 9 months | 2027 | 52 years 4 months old |
| From 2028 onwards | 57 years old | 2028 | 52 years 8 months old |
| 2029 | 53 years old | ||
| 2030 | 53 years 4 months old | ||
| 2031 | 53 years 8 months old | ||
| 2032 | 54 years old | ||
| 2033 | 54 years 4 months old | ||
| 2034 | 54 years 8 months old | ||
| From 2035 onwards | 55 years old | ||
3. Time of employee’s retirement
Retirement time is the end of the last day of the month of full retirement age according to regulations.
In case the employee continues to work after reaching the prescribed retirement age, the time of retirement is the time of termination of the labor contract.
4. Conclusion
Regulations on the retirement age of workers in Vietnam are designed to balance the rights of workers and the requirements of socio-economic development in the new context. Gradually increasing the retirement age according to the roadmap not only helps make the most of labor resources, especially those with high professional qualifications, but is also consistent with the trend of increasing life expectancy and the need to ensure security. long-term social life. However, to ensure effective implementation, policies need to be accompanied by appropriate support measures, creating conditions for workers to maintain their health and working capacity. Understanding and well implementing regulations on retirement age not only protects the rights of workers but also contributes to building a fair, sustainable, and developed society.
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