I. Legal basic

• Resolution No. 198/2025/QH15

II. Basic contents of resolution No. 198/2025/QH15

Resolution No. 198/2025/QH15, passed by the National Assembly of Vietnam on May 17, 2025, during the 9th session of the 15th Legislature, focuses on special mechanisms and policies aimed at promoting the development of the private economy and innovative enterprises in Vietnam in the new phase, with a wide range of incentives related to taxes, fees, and support for science and technology.

III. Notable tax and fee support policies under resolution No. 198/2025/QH15 of the National Assembly of Vietnam

3.1. For enterprises, business households, and individual businesspersons

• Corporate income tax exemption for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for 3 years from the date of initial issuance of the Enterprise Registration Certificate.
• Training and retraining expenses incurred by large enterprises for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) participating in the value chain shall be included in deductible expenses for determining taxable income when calculating corporate income tax.
• Household businesses and individual businesspersons shall no longer apply the presumptive tax method from January 1, 2026. They shall pay taxes in accordance with the law on tax administration.
• According to the new provisions of Resolution No. 198/2025/QH15, household businesses and individual businesspersons will no longer be required to pay the business license fee starting from January 1, 2026.
• Exemption from charges and fees for organizations, individuals, and enterprises for the reissuance or replacement of documents required due to the restructuring or reorganization of the state apparatus in accordance with legal regulations.

3.2. Breakthrough incentive policies for innovative enterprises

• Corporate income tax (CIT) exemption for the first 2 years and a 50% reduction for the following 4 years for innovative start-ups and supporting organizations (such as venture capital management companies, intermediary organizations supporting innovative start-ups, etc.).
• Exemption from personal income tax (PIT) and corporate income tax (CIT) on income from the transfer of shares or capital contribution rights in innovative start-ups, aiming to strongly attract investment capital for start-up activities.
• Exemption from personal income tax for 2 years and a 50% reduction in payable tax for the following 4 years on income from salaries and wages received by experts and scientists working for innovative start-ups, research and development centers, innovation centers, and intermediary organizations supporting innovative start-ups.

Notably, enterprises are allowed to allocate up to 20% of taxable income to establish funds for science and technology development, innovation, and digital transformation. At the same time, 200% of research and development (R&D) expenses are deductible when calculating CIT.

In addition, the State also supports small, micro enterprises and individual business households by providing free access to digital platforms, shared accounting software, and consulting services in legal, accounting, tax, and human resources. These supports help reduce administrative costs and promote digital transformation.

IV. Conclusion

Resolution No. 198/2025/QH15 clearly reflects the National Assembly’s strong commitment to creating a favorable environment for the robust development of the private economic sector and innovative enterprises in Vietnam. Through a series of preferential tax, fee policies and digital transformation support, the Resolution not only helps reduce the financial burden on businesses but also encourages investment in science and technology and enhances competitiveness. This is an important step toward realizing the goal of building a dynamic, self-reliant, and innovative economy in the context of deep international integration.

V. About Us, Hankuk Law Firm

■ Hankuk Law Firm – Introduction

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